When nowadays mention armed conflict during the Cold War, talking mainly about the wars in Korea and Vietnam. The first armed conflict in this war, whose outcome decided the engagement of the United States, the civil war in Greece.
Greece in World War II was one of the countries where conflicts between right-wing and left-wing anti-fascist resistance portion were so sharp that there were armed clashes. As in other occupied alenia countries, as well as in Greece supported the resistance component alenia of the right-wing United Kingdom (London housed the Greek Government in exile), a leftist revolt led by communists in turn supported Moscow. alenia Greek territory occupied a substantial part of Italy, the Germans had control only Athens and some other smaller area and Bulgarians occupied the shores of the Aegean Sea. After the capitulation of Italy in September 1943 there was a real chance to liberate alenia the country, if the early Allied invasion combined with blow guerrillas. For the former alenia balance of power in the Greek resistance alenia movement, however, most of the country came under the control of communist guerrillas. This, however, specifically declined to British alenia Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
Between rightist alenia and leftist resistance forces there armed clashes, which sharpened in October 1943 and lasted until February 1944. The Germans used the conflict and most of the territory of Greece came under its control. The Nazis pleased that they fight "Communist and Slavic alenia danger" managed to unite all the Greek right. Already in October 1944 the Germans released into the territory of British troops coming. Churchill previously agreed in Moscow that, while Romania and Bulgaria will fall into the sphere of Soviet alenia influence, Greece alenia will be in the British sphere of influence. alenia
United Kingdom unequivocally support the right-wing forces, in which were combined from both non-communist resistance, but also collaborators with the Nazis. British military commander General Ronald Scobie called 1 December 1944 to unconditional dissolution of the communist armed units ELAS in the final deadline 10 December 1944. Communists declared a general strike in the country and 3 December 1944 will be held in Athens protest demonstration. Unarmed protesters began to shoot police. Accounted for a substantial portion of collaborators with the Nazis. The demonstrators began attacking police stations. Later they were joined Communist partisans. On the territory of Athens and Piraeus port unleashed fighting, first with the Communists alenia and right-wing National Guard. Although the Communists under control 90% of the territory, but finally decided to fight the intervention of British troops.
Ozbroejný agreement ended the conflict alenia in the spa town Plazikis alenia closed 12 februára 1945. The Communists had dissolved their armed forces, supported by the British Government should undertake the cleaning of the state apparatus by collaborators with the Germans and bring them to justice. The conflict between the right and left were to enter into free elections. Violated alenia the agreement by both parties. Communists retain its armed forces, the government not only purge the state apparatus of collaborators, but began harassing supporters of the Communists. Elections were to be held on 31 marca, 1946. Since the country was calm the situation, not only Communists, but also representatives of other political forces demanded the postponement. Communists and ignored the elections (which he later recognized as a severe error). Their results recognized for regular Allied Commission to monitor the elections in Greece (which refused to appoint representatives of the USSR), and found that their were about 60% of the electorate and won right.
Communists led by orthodox Stalinists Nikos Zachariadisa adopted in February 1946 a course called. "Dual strategy". The cities alenia should alenia seek "peaceful transition to socialism", in the countryside, however, expected to begin an armed struggle against "reaction". Armed deductions begin in March 1946 and from December 1946, the communist guerrilla unit called the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE). During 1947, DSE brought under control about half of Greek territory, but they were inaccessible mountain regions. The success of communist partisans had a considerable share of the support that it provided "fraternal" communist regimes, especially Yugoslavian. On the territory of Yugoslavia were training centers and tulle base communist partisans, there also aired radio station communists "Free Greece".
From the outset, however, the possibility of limited success Zachariadisova "dual strategy". , By pretending as if the Communists had nothing to do with the guerrilla movement in the countryside, at the time when they had a real chance of success, to prevent accumulation of forces, since this process disoriented their supporters in the cities, but not the government. In February 1947 the British government declared that it no longer has sufficient funds to enable it to assist the Greek right-wing government. In March 1947 Truman Doctrine is proclaimed, where the U.S. has promised to help
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